chmod 325 Permission Explained

Notice: This is an unusual permission set: some classes have more access than the class above them. It is rarely correct in practice.

Octal

325

Symbolic

-wx-w-r-x

Binary

011 010 101

Risk Level

Moderate

Summary: chmod 325 gives the owner write/execute, the group write, and everyone else read/execute.

Class	Read (4)	Write (2)	Execute (1)	Octal
Owner (u)				3
Group (g)				2
Others (o)				5

setuid (4) setgid (2) sticky bit (1)

Octal

Symbolic

Target File / Path

-R Recursive -v Verbose

325

-wx-w-r-x

Owner: write/execute · Group: write · Others: read/execute

chmod 325 filename

Moderate Every member of the group can modify this file.

View the full chmod 325 guide →

chmod 325 Breakdown

Class	Digit	Symbolic	On a file	On a directory
Owner (u)	`3`	`-wx`	Write and execute	Can enter and create/delete files, but not list
Group (g)	`2`	`-w-`	Write only (rarely useful)	No practical effect without x
Others (o)	`5`	`r-x`	Read and execute	Can list and enter

Is chmod 325 Safe?

Moderate

Every member of the group can modify this file.
Any user can read this file — never use it for secrets such as keys or .env files.
Scripts need read permission to run; only compiled binaries can be executed without it.
Unusual: a lower class has permissions the class above it lacks.

Common Use Cases

325 is uncommon in standard Linux setups. The closest widely used permission is chmod 775.

chmod 325 Command Examples

# Apply using octal mode
chmod 325 filename

# Apply using equivalent symbolic mode
chmod u=wx,g=w,o=rx filename

# Recursive command warning:
chmod -R 325 /path/to/dir
# Note: -R applies the same mode to files and directories. Use find to treat them separately:
find /path/to/dir -type d -exec chmod 325 {} +

# Verify permissions
stat -c '%a %A %n' filename    # Linux
stat -f '%Lp %Sp %N' filename   # macOS

# Example ls -l output:
--wx-w-r-x 1 alice staff 1024 Jan 15 10:00 example.txt

umask Relationship

A umask of 452 makes new directories 325. Test umask values with our interactive Umask Calculator.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does chmod 325 mean?

chmod 325 gives the owner write/execute, the group write, and everyone else read/execute. In octal notation, the owner receives 3 (write/execute), the group receives 2 (write), and others receive 5 (read/execute).

Is chmod 325 safe?

chmod 325 is classified as Moderate. Every member of the group can modify this file.

What is chmod 325 in symbolic notation?

In symbolic notation, chmod 325 is represented as -wx-w-r-x. You can apply this permission using the equivalent symbolic command "chmod u=wx,g=w,o=rx filename".